The regulations require that phosphogypsum be managed in engineered stacks, which are designed to limit public exposure from emissions of radon and other radionuclides. Owners and operators must monitor and report radon emissions from inactive stacks and take measures to keep radon emissions within the regulatory limit …
WhatsApp: +86 18221755073Phosphogypsum is the most significant industrial solid waste in the world. Phosphogypsum has a complex composition and its traditional storage methods occupy large areas of land and also damage the environment. Currently, phosphogypsum is mainly used for the direct preparation of construction materials and chemical auxiliary …
WhatsApp: +86 18221755073Phosphogypsum (PG) is a by-product of phosphate fertilizer production that contains radioactive and hazardous elements. This review evaluates the geochemical and radiological risks of PG and its nanoparticles (NPs) in different uses and environments.
WhatsApp: +86 18221755073The combination of dicyandiamide and phosphogypsum exhibited the most pronounced emission reduction effect, simultaneously decreasing the NH 3, CH 4 and N 2 O emissions by 18.28 %, 38.58 % and 36.14 %, respectively. The temperature and C/N content of the compost were significantly positively correlated with greenhouse gas …
WhatsApp: +86 18221755073Environmental impact and management of phosphogypsum. Hanan Tayibi, ... Aurora López-Delgado, in Journal of Environmental Management, 2009. Phosphogypsum (PG) is a waste by-product from the processing of phosphate rock by the "wet acid method" of fertiliser production, which currently accounts for over 90% of phosphoric acid …
WhatsApp: +86 18221755073Phosphogypsum (PG) is a by-product of phosphorus fertilizer that is typically stacked near production sites. Phosphogypsum contains trace elements and naturally occurring radioactive materials which may be hazardous to the surrounding environment. Phosphogypsum stack reclamation typically involves placing a soil cap …
WhatsApp: +86 18221755073Phosphogypsum (PG) waste is a by-product generated from wet-process phosphoric acid (H 3 PO 4) manufacturing during phosphate rock decomposition.Worldwide, the annual production of PG ranges between 100 and 300 million tons, with only a few quantities utilized in several application domains (about 15%), the …
WhatsApp: +86 18221755073Phosphogypsum is usually a yellowish-white, light greyish-white or dark grey fine powdery solid. The main component of PG is CaSO 4 ·2H 2 O, which accounts for more than 90% of its total composition. In addition, PG contains phosphorus, fluorine, organic matters and other impurities (e.g. heavy metal elements and nuclides) (Rashad, …
WhatsApp: +86 18221755073You find consumption-based emissions later in this country profile. These figures look specifically at CO 2 emissions – not total greenhouse gas emissions. You find total, and other greenhouse gas emissions, later in this country profile. Annual emissions can be largely influenced by population size – we present the per capita figures above.
WhatsApp: +86 18221755073The effect of phosphogypsum on greenhouse gas emissions during cattle manure composting. J. Environ. Qual., 34 (2005), pp. 774-781. Crossref View in Scopus Google Scholar. Himanen and Hanninen, 2009. M. Himanen, K. Hanninen. Effect of commercial mineral based additives on composting and compost quality.
WhatsApp: +86 18221755073Phosphogypsum is a by-product of phosphate fertilizer production and a source of calcium, sulphur, and phosphorus for plants. It can be used as a fertilizer or amendment for …
WhatsApp: +86 18221755073Industrial wastes: Fly ash, steel slag and phosphogypsum- potential candidates to mitigate greenhouse gas emissions from paddy fields Chemosphere. 2020 Feb;241:124824. doi: ... associated with the application of FA, SS, and PG onto the paddy fields and their impacts on methane and nitrous oxide emissions are highly fragmented …
WhatsApp: +86 18221755073Phosphogypsum (PG) is a waste (or by-product) of the production of phosphoric acid, a basic constituent in the manufacturing of modern fertilizers. ... In addition, this study shows that the radioactive emission of the components of this brick is below the limit values recommended by the standards, and therefore its use is safe. …
WhatsApp: +86 18221755073Phosphogypsum (PG) is a calcium sulphate dihydrate and a by-product of the phosphate fertilizer industry. ... Standards and regulations: The restrictions on PG recycling vary depending on the country and the approach adopted. ... Exhalation of Rn-222 and emission of F (gas), emission of dust; (2) Direct incorporation of trace …
WhatsApp: +86 18221755073The degradation of organic matter (OM) and CH 4 emissions during composting greatly influence the composting efficiency and greenhouse effect. This study evaluated the effects of adding phosphogypsum (PPG) and medical stone (MS) on OM breakdown, CH 4 emissions, and their underlying mechanisms. MS accelerated the …
WhatsApp: +86 182217550731. Introduction. Phosphogypsum is an industrial by-product, derived mainly from phosphate, phosphate fertilizer, and other industries. Because of economic policies and technical limitations, most countries manage phosphogypsum by storing or dumping, which not only consumes considerable land resources, but also causes potential …
WhatsApp: +86 18221755073Phosphogypsum is a by-product from the production of phosphoric acid. In this process, the raw phosphate is treated by sulfuric acid and, besides the main product which is phosphoric acid (H3PO4), gypsum and a small quantity of hydrofluoric acid are obtained. For every tonne of phosphoric acid made, about three tonnes of phosphogypsum …
WhatsApp: +86 18221755073On June 30, 2021, the EPA withdrew previously granted conditional approval to use phosphogypsum in government road construction projects. On October 14, 2020, the EPA approved The Fertilizer Institute's request to use phosphogypsum in government road construction projects subject to certain terms and conditions.
WhatsApp: +86 18221755073U.S. Department of Energy Office of Scientific and Technical Information. Search terms:. ...
WhatsApp: +86 18221755073As a result, domestically produced phosphogypsum is stored in "stacks" all over the country – massive containment ponds where phosphogypsum is indefinitely piled. The International Atomic Energy Agency ( IAEA ) estimates that each year, 40 million tons of the waste are added to stacks in the US, and about 90 million tons annually outside ...
WhatsApp: +86 182217550731. Introduction. Nanoparticles (minerals, organic and/or inorganic amorphous phases, and complex mixtures) are of great environmental relevance with respect to the life on our planet and the quality of the atmosphere (Hochella et al., 2008, 2019).Nanoparticles (NPs) are global carriers of minor elements (both nutrients and toxins) and play an …
WhatsApp: +86 18221755073Phosphogypsum (PG) is a solid waste produced from decomposition of phosphate rock in sulfuric acid. ... which showed that PG treatment could inhibit the emission of greenhouse gas in wheat soil ...
WhatsApp: +86 18221755073The plant will use sulfur for the calcination of phosphogypsum and include technologies for CO 2 capturing with lime produced from the calcination. The process will lead to a reduction in CO 2 emissions across Ma'aden's phosphate business, making it more sustainable in the long term. Ma'aden's patented concept will allow the company to ...
WhatsApp: +86 18221755073It was reported by Hao et al. (2005) that phosphogypsum, the main by-product of phosphoric acid production, might be effective in reducing CH 4 emissions during cattle manure composting by increasing SO 4 2− content of the compost, and Luo et al. (2013) indicated that the addition of phosphogypsum at a rate of 10% of total …
WhatsApp: +86 18221755073Phosphogypsum (PG) is a solid waste (a byproduct of the "wet process" phosphoric acid production) in the phosphate fertilizer industry which is environmentally harmful. The thermal decomposition of PG to recycle the sulfur source and produce cement is a proper way for the utilization of PG. In the previous work of our group, the initial …
WhatsApp: +86 18221755073Participate with your own air quality monitoring station. Our GAIA air quality monitors are very easy to set up: You only need a WIFI access point and a USB compatible power …
WhatsApp: +86 18221755073The problem of recycling and storage of phosphogypsum is topical for many countries around the world, as it is associated with environmental problems of pollution …
WhatsApp: +86 18221755073Phosphogypsum (PG) is a by-product of the phosphate fertilizer industry that is produced during the phosphoric acid production process. Annual global PG production ranges between 100 to 300 Mt ...
WhatsApp: +86 18221755073It employs phosphogypsum as its primary base material and incorporates additives such as cement, water, and a curing agent. Phosphogypsum, sourced from chemical plant production, is predominantly composed of calcium sulfate dihydrate (CaSO 4 •2 H 2 O), with minor amounts of MgO, Fe 2 O 3, P 2 O 5, Al 2 O 3, and other elements, …
WhatsApp: +86 18221755073Combination of phosphogypsum and dicyandiamide reduced CH 4 and N 2 O emissions by 75.6% and 86.4%, while NH 3 emission was increased by 22.0%. Combination of superphosphate and dicyandiamide reduced NH 3, CH 4 and N 2 O emissions by 12.3%, 81.0% and 88.2%, respectively.
WhatsApp: +86 18221755073Request PDF | On Jan 1, 2022, Yan Yang and others published Effects of Dicyandiamide, Phosphogypsum, and Superphosphate on Greenhouse Gas Emissions During Pig Manure Composting | Find, read and ...
WhatsApp: +86 18221755073This article reviews the physical-chemical properties and environmental impacts of phosphogypsum (PG), a byproduct from phosphate fertilizer production. It …
WhatsApp: +86 18221755073Phosphogypsum (PG) is a by-product generated from the phosphorus fertilizer industry (phosphoric acid production). PG is similar to natural gypsum, but there are some differences, of which it contains some impurities such as water-soluble phosphate (P 2 O 5), water-soluble fluoride (F −) and P 2 O 5 substituted in the gypsum crystal …
WhatsApp: +86 18221755073As a result, the disposal of this material is regulated under the National Emission Standards for Hazardous Air Pollutants (NESHAP) and the National Emission Standards for Radon Emission from PG Stacks (US-EPA, 1986). Rn-222 is a gaseous element that can be released into the air; Rn-222 can also be resuspended into the air …
WhatsApp: +86 18221755073While it remains debated if mineral deposits mined for phosphorus fertilizer are running out, phosphorus insecurity is an emerging global issue. We explore how it …
WhatsApp: +86 18221755073"EPA requires that phosphogypsum be managed in above-ground stacks, which are designed to keep emissions of radon and other radionuclides in line with acceptable …
WhatsApp: +86 18221755073