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magmatic iron deposits
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Iron oxide–apatite deposits form from hydrosaline liquids
Iron oxide–apatite (IOA or Kiruna-type) deposits typically consist of a magnetite-apatite-actinolite/diopside assemblage and are spatially associated with extensive Na-(Ca) alteration and brecciation. The origin of these deposits is highly controversial and has been ascribed to the separation of iron-oxide/sulfate-(carbonate) …
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Genesis of the Beizhan Iron Deposit in Western Tianshan, …
The Beizhan iron deposit (468 Mt at an average grade of 41% Fe) is the largest iron deposit in the Awulale iron metallogenic belt of Western Tianshan, northwest China. The high-grade magnetite ores are hosted in the Carboniferous volcanic rocks with extensive development of skarn alteration assemblages. While considerable progress …
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A deposit model for magmatic iron-titanium-oxide deposits …
This descriptive model for magmatic iron-titanium-oxide (Fe-Ti-oxide) deposits hosted by Proterozoic age massif-type anorthosite and related rock types presents their geological, mineralogical, geochemical, and geoenvironmental attributes. Although these Proterozoic rocks are found worldwide, the majority of known deposits are found within exposed …
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Geochemistry of Magmatic Ore Deposits
Magmatic ore deposits are masses of igneous rock enriched in useful chemical elements to such an extent that it is feasible to mine them at a profit. To be considered an ore, an …
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Magmatic Deposits
Magmatic deposits can roughly be divided into three groups. The first group includes deposits associated with primitive magmas that originate directly from the …
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Magmatic ore minerals
Magnetite (Fe3O4): Magnetite is a common magmatic ore mineral that is an important source of iron, which is used in the production of steel and other industrial applications. Magnetite can form in a wide range of igneous rocks, including mafic and ultramafic rocks, and it can be extracted from magnetite deposits through open-pit or …
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Magmatic-hydrothermal processes within an evolving Earth: Iron …
Iron oxide-copper-gold (IOCG) deposits formed by magmatic-hydrothermal fluids (MH-IOCG) share many similarities with, but have important differences from, porphyry Cu ± Mo ± Au (porphyry) deposits: MH-IOCG deposits predominantly occur in Precambrian rocks, are Fe oxide rich, and have volumetrically extensive high …
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20.1: Metal Deposits
A magmatic deposit is one in which the metal concentration takes place primarily at the same time as the formation and emplacement of the magma. ... (PageIndex{5})). Unlike many other metals, which are economically viable at grades of around 1% or even much less, iron deposits are only viable if the grades are in the …
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Magmatic ore deposits in layered intrusions
Layered, ultramafic to mafic intrusions are uncommon in the geologic record, but host magmatic ore deposits containing most of the world's economic concentrations of platinum-group elements (PGE) (figs. 1 and 2). These deposits are mined primarily for their platinum, palladium, and rhodium contents (table 1). Magmatic ore deposits are …
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Magmatic-hydrothermal evolution of the El Laco iron …
The world-renowned El Laco iron deposit in the Chilean Altiplano represents the Earth's youngest and one of the best-exposed records of iron oxide …
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Mesozoic magmatic–hydrothermal iron oxide deposits …
Magmatic-hydrothermal iron oxide (MHIO) deposits in Mexico started forming early after the accretion of oceanic terranes to the Mexican mainland, like the Guerrero composite terrane or the Alisitos arc terrane, was complete by the end of the Early Cretaceous and the buildup of the present-day continental crust was initiated (Camprubí, …
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Geological settings and metallogenesis of high-grade iron deposits …
The predominant types of high-grade iron deposits in China include skarn, sedimentary metamorphic (banded iron-formation, BIF-type), continental/submarine volcanic-hosted and magmatic Fe-Ti-V oxide deposits. Based on a comprehensive review of current studies on these deposits, this paper suggests that the oxygen concentration …
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Geochemistry of Magmatic Ore Deposits
Magmatic ore deposits are masses of igneous rock enriched in useful chemical elements to such an extent that it is feasible to mine them at a profit. To be considered an ore, an accumula- ... With the sole exception of iron, the ore elements identified in Figure 2are all trace elements in primary magmas, and their
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Magmatic immiscibility and the origin of magnetite-(apatite) …
The origin of magnetite- (apatite) iron deposits (MtAp) is one of the most contentious issues in ore geology with competing models that range from hydrothermal to magmatic processes. Here we...
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Magmatic immiscibility and the origin of magnetite-(apatite) iron deposits
The origin of magnetite-(apatite) iron deposits (MtAp) is one of the most contentious issues in ore geology with competing models that range from hydrothermal to magmatic processes. Here we report melt inclusions trapped in plagioclase phenocrysts in andesite hosting the MtAp mineralization at El Laco, Chile. The results of our study …
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Mineral deposit
Mineral deposit - Magmatic Cumulates: Magmatic segregation is a general term referring to any process by which one or more minerals become locally concentrated (segregated) during the cooling and crystallization of a magma. ... Cumulus deposits of magnetite make poor iron ores, because cumulus magnetites invariably contain elements such as ...
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Genesis of submarine volcanic iron deposits in the Central …
In this study, representative magnetite samples from different types of magnetite in massive ores were prepared for analysis by SEM, electron probe …
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Mineralization and magmatic origin of the 2.1 Ga
The Zhaoanzhuang magnetite-apatite deposit (113°29ʹE, 33°22.5ʹN) is located in Wugang City of the Henan province in the southern North China Craton (NCC) (Fig. 1 A).The ore deposit has an ore reserve of>96 million metric tons (Mt) at > 40 wt% Fe and 4.8 Mt at 2.0 wt% P, making it one of the largest iron deposits in the southern NCC.
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Magmatic immiscibility and the origin of magnetite-(apatite) iron deposits
The origin of magnetite-(apatite) iron deposits (MtAp) is one of the most contentious issues in ore geology with competing models that range from hydrothermal to magmatic processes. Here we report melt inclusions trapped in plagioclase phenocrysts in andesite hosting the MtAp mineralization at El Laco, Chile.
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Mechanism of Fe-skarn formation in the Nanminghe iron deposit…
The third mechanism for the formation of silicate-hosted iron deposits is the deep-seated magmatic differentiation where the ore-forming materials and magma are of the same origin and both come from the upper mantle (Lin et al., 1984, Lin and Xu, 1989, 1998; Pei et al., 1985). It is believed that the direct ore-controlling factor for the ...
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Formation of iron oxide–apatite deposits
Iron oxide–apatite deposits can form from purely igneous (~1,000–800 °C), through late magmatic or magmatic–hydrothermal (~800–600 °C), to purely …
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9.3.2: Hydrothermal Ore Deposits
The largest VMS deposits, about twice the size of the Kidd, are the Windy Craggy deposit in British Columbia, discovered in 1958, and the Rio Tinto deposit in Spain, discovered in 1972. The quality of the ore in massive sulfide deposits is high, host rocks are generally greater than 60% ore minerals, so even if they are small, massive …
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Magmatic-hydrothermal evolution of the El Laco iron deposit …
The world-renowned El Laco iron deposit in the Chilean Altiplano represents the Earth's youngest and one of the best-exposed records of iron oxide-apatite (IOA)-type mineralization genetically related to the explosive activity of a continental arc stratovolcano. ... as well as in magmatic Fe-Ti-(V) and Ni-Cu sulfide deposits (Buddington and ...
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Triggers for the formation of porphyry ore deposits in magmatic …
Porphyry deposits form at several kilometres depth in the crust and are associated with pipe- or dyke-like magmatic intrusions 11,12,13,14,15,19,20,21,22 (see Supplementary Information).These ...
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Magmatic origin of giant 'Kiruna-type' apatite-iron-oxide …
These include direct magmatic segregation or crystallization, magmatic hydrothermal replacement and hydrothermal precipitation in the sense of iron-oxide-copper-gold (IOCG-type) deposits 9,10,11 ...
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20.1 Metal Deposits – Physical Geology
Magmatic Nickel Deposits . ... Unlike many other metals, which are economically viable at grades of around 1% or even much less, iron deposits are only viable if the grades are in the order of 50% iron and if they are very large. Figure 20.7 Banded iron formation from an unknown location in North America on display at a museum in Germany. The ...
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Geological settings and metallogenesis of high-grade iron deposits …
The predominant types of high-grade iron deposits in China include skarn, sedimentary metamorphic (banded iron-formation, BIF-type), continental/submarine volcanic-hosted and magmatic Fe-Ti-V ...
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Magmatic Deposits
Magmatic deposits can roughly be divided into three groups. The first group includes deposits associated with primitive magmas that originate directly from the Earth's mantle such as basalt. Such basic and ultrabasic magmas can form deposits of chromium, nickel, platinum, iron, titanium, and vanadium. ... Such segregation may play …
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Magmatic ore deposits (Chapter 2)
Ore Deposit Geology - July 2013. Magmatic ore deposits, also known as orthomagmatic ore deposits, are deposits within igneous rocks or along their contacts in which ore minerals crystallised from a melt or were transported in a melt. Ore deposits that form in and around igneous rock units as a result of mineral precipitation from aqueous …
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Iron deposits in relation to magmatism in China
The iron ore-related magmatic suites in China exhibit a compositional spectrum from mafic–ultramafic to intermediate-felsic rock suites. Following the recent classification scheme by Dill (2010), these iron deposits are categorized as: (1) Ti–Fe–(V) deposits related to mafic intrusions (high Ti); (2) apatite-bearing Fe oxide deposits (low ...
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Formation of massive iron deposits linked to explosive …
Ore deposits are normally formed by magmatic-hydrothermal processes over a range of depths within the upper crust. However, the role of subaerial volcanic …
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Mineral deposit
Mineral deposit - Formation, Geology, Ore: Mineral deposits form because some medium serves as a concentrating and transporting agent for the ore minerals, and some process subsequently causes the transporting agent to precipitate, or deposit, the minerals. Examples of concentrating and transporting agents are groundwater, seawater, and …
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Magmatic immiscibility and the origin of magnetite-(apatite) iron deposits
The origin of magnetite-(apatite) iron deposits (MtAp) is one of the most contentious issues in ore geology with competing models that range from hydrothermal to magmatic processes. Here we report melt inclusions trapped in plagioclase phenocrysts in andesite hosting the MtAp mineralization at El La …
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Magmatic immiscibility and the origin of magnetite …
The origin of magnetite-(apatite) iron deposits (MtAp) is one of the most contentious issues in ore geology with competing models that range from hydrothermal to magmatic processes.Here we report ...
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Formation of giant iron oxide-copper-gold deposits by
Simon, A. C. et al. Kiruna-Type Iron Oxide-Apatite (IOA) and Iron Oxide Copper-Gold (IOCG) Deposits Form by a Combination of Igneous and Magmatic-Hydrothermal Processes: Evidence from the Chilean ...
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9.3.1: Magmatic Ore Deposits
The deposits, which may form centimeters-, or meters-thick layer called a cumulate, are often entirely, or nearly entirely, composed of sulfide minerals. This …
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