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south african diamond mining in the 20th century
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De Beers the rise and fall of a unique monopoly
(De Beers forged a reputation as the dominant force in 19th & 20th century diamond mining) View London DE diamonds here By 1888 De Beers strategy of agglomeration under Rhodes had lead to the formation of De Beers Consolidated Mines Limited, which effectively held a complete monopoly over all South African diamond …
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IN AFRICA: PART I
Learn about the early discoveries of alluvial and kimberlite diamonds in Africa from the 19th century to the present. This article covers the major finds in South Africa, Angola, …
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Historical Reading List: The Diamond Fields of …
A collection of articles from the 1800s and 1900s about the discovery, mining and geology of diamonds in South Africa. Learn about the first diamond found, the kimberlite host rock, the diamond king Cecil …
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Introduction: Before Apartheid | Facing History & Ourselves
Safety measures could have lowered these figures substantially, but replacing labor was cheaper. See H. J. Simons, "Death in South African Mines," in Africa South (1961). 5Francis Wilson, Labour in the South African Gold Mines, 1911–1969 (Cambridge: Cambridge University Press, 1972), 20–21.
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The origin of the southern Africa's diamond industry
The fictitious Courtney family is revealing the bigger-than-life-diamond mining exploits in Africa in various books by South African adventurer writer Wilbur Smith (including movies focused on them). Two films by James Bond, Diamonds Are Eternal and Suffer Another Day, revolve around the unfortunate usage of diamonds to build mass destruction ...
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All That Glitters: The Bullmastiff in South Africa diamond mines
Diamonds are a 's best friend, the saying goes. And almost a century ago, the diamond miner's best friend was the Bullmastiff. Not just any diamond miner, mind you, but the biggest name of them all — De Beers, the South African conglomerate that once controlled more than 80 percent of the world's sparkling stones. Peerless …
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Diamond History and Lore
By 1900, De Beers, through its mines in South Africa, controlled an estimated 90 percent of the world's production of rough diamonds. The South African sources affected many segments of the diamond industry. This was especially true as diamond mining moved from the surface to farther underground.
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Diamond Mining Resurges In Latin America
Aware of demand, mining companies are tapping Brazil and Paraguay for their diamond deposits, reactivating an industry that was overshadowed by the dominance of South Africa in the early 20th century.
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A history of mining in South Africa
F F ast forward to the late 20th century, and South African diamonds are still sought after, with an estimated R16-billion worth of the stones sold locally and internationally per year. Diamond miners were memorialised in the Diggers Fountain, which you can find in Kimberley. I nstalled at the Ernest Oppenheimer Memorial Gardens in 1959, Herman …
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South Africa in the 1900s (1900-1917)
The Mines and Works Act of 1911 was an importat factor leading to the formation of the South African Native National Congress in 1912, renamed the African National Congress in 1923. The Act legislated that Black workers could only be engaged as cheap semi-skilled labourers and effectively prohibited Black workers from seeking skilled work.
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The History of De Beers and Diamonds
Premier Diamond Mine, South Africa Wikimedia ... The structure of the business remained the same for much of the 20th century: A De Beers subsidiary would buy the diamonds. De Beers would ...
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Ranked: The world's top diamond mining countries, by …
By the start of the 20th century, diamond production on a large scale took off: first in South Africa, and decades later in other African countries. In fact between 1889–1959, Africa produced 98 ...
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Diamonds: A History
Diamond production has increased enormously in the 20th century. India's maximum production, perhaps 50,000 to 100,000 carats annually in the 16th century, is very small compared to the current ...
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Topic 6 Contextual Overview
This event set off the 'diamond rush' of South African in the 1870's and meant that a mass number of diggers and investors were already attracted to the northern parts of South Africa. ... The war also represented a foreshadowing of what modern warfare in the 20th century would look like. ... Katz, E.N.: "Outcrop and Deep Level …
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Grade 10
The discovery of diamonds and then gold, and the emergence of powerful Capitalist blocs in mining and agriculture united the Brits and the Boers in their need to secure cheap labour. ... and the history of 20th century South Africa is the history of the conflict between whites and the various black groups that eventually culminated in the …
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Our Heritage and History
cullinandiamondhistory The Discovery. In 1902, Thomas Cullinan, master builder and prospector, discovered and founded the Premier Diamond Mine near Pretoria in South Africa. Less than two years later, on 26th January 1905 the largest gem diamond ever found, the regal Cullinan Diamond, was discovered at his mine.
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10 Iconic 20th Century South African artists you should know
Ahead of this landmark auction, here is a look at ten iconic 20th Century South African artists who every art lover should know. JH Pierneef. Lot 557 – Bushveld Game Reserve (1950), estimate R2-R3 million. Jacobus Hendrik Pierneef (1886-1957) was born in Pretoria to Dutch-Boer parents in 1886. During the Anglo-Boer War the family …
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History of Diamonds
Learn about the discovery and mining of diamonds in South Africa, from the first alluvial finds in 1867 to the famous Cullinan and Niarchos diamonds. Visit the museum in Cape …
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A History of Gold Mining in South Africa, Ghana and Tanzania
The African continent is richly endowed with significant mineral, oil and gas resources, including large reserves of gold. As noted in the previous chapter, the continent is home to a large portion of the world's mineral wealth, including 42 per cent of the world's known gold reserves (Bush, 2008, p. 361).The continent's largest producer of gold, …
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Oppenheimer, Ernest
Ernest OppenheimerSouth African business leader Ernest Oppenheimer (1880-1957) established what became the modern diamond industry almost single-handedly in the early decades of the 20th century. By gaining control of the large South African mines from which the costly gemstones came, Oppenheimer created an airtight, lucrative cartel that …
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A century of migrant labour in the gold mines of South Africa
The South African mining industry grew and became one of the country's biggest employers (Schutte, 1977). The demand for mine workers could not be met by the local population at the time ...
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Historical Reading List: The Diamond Fields of …
Learn about the discovery and exploration of diamonds in South Africa from 1867 to 1893 through articles and reports from the 1800s and 1900s. Find out how diamonds were found, identified, and mined in …
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South Africa's City of Diamonds: Mine Workers and …
This book is about mine workers and monopoly capitalism in Kimberley, South Africa from 1867-1895.
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Kolmanskop: The Namibian Diamond-Mining Town …
Kolmanskop is a Namibian diamond-mining town that boomed in the early-20th century. Within a half-century, the town's diamond supply had depleted and residents had moved farther down the coast to follow new diamond discovery. ... When not writing for her travel blog The Sharonicles, she contributes to a number of South …
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Thinking Economics
Diamond mining in South Africa flourished because of the nation's geography. At the turn of the 20th century, it appeared that the majority of the world's diamonds were in South Africa. This nation also had the best access to waterways for transporting the diamonds internationally. This geographical advantage allowed De Beers to buy the diamond ...
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The South African Economy in the Twentieth Century
The Anglo-Boer War between 1899 and 1902, the most expensive colonial war in British history, devastated the South African interior. After the peace, many rural whites joined the large migration of black workers to the area around Johannesburg in search of employment, beginning a process of urbanization that would continue into the …
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Diamonds, Gold and War: The British, the Boers and the …
Summary. In 1871, prospectors exploring a remote stretch of land in South Africa stumbled upon a rich deposit of diamonds. Fifteen years later, gold was …
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The Big Hole Official Site | Tourist Attractions in Kimberley
Kimberly is one of the most unique and authentic historical destinations in South Africa, because of the Kimberley diamond mine, which occupies a surface of 17 hectares, 463 meters wide, for a depth of 240 meters, and it used to be active since 1871 to 1914.
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Swazi migrant workers and the Witwatersrand gold mines …
For further details see Richardson, Chinese mine labour, 8–46; Jeeves, Mine labour in South Africa's mining economy, 21–30, 51–52; Packard, White plague, 17–19, 28–47; Elaine Katz, Silicosis on the South African gold mines, in F. Wilson and G. Westcott (eds) Hunger, work and health (Johannesburg 1980) 187–244
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A history of mining in South Africa
Fast forward to the late 20th century, and South African diamonds are still sought after, with an estimated R16-billion worth of the stones sold locally and internationally per year. Diamond miners were memorialised in the …
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Grade 8
Control over black workers, closed compounds and migrant labour. Miners eating in their compound Image source. With the discovery of diamonds in South Africa, institutionalised forms of labour control such as the compound/ hostel system now emerged, and in the industrial environment exploitative relations now assumed the same racial form as that …
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South Africa
Until the 1860s all South African towns were small; the largest, Cape Town, had a population of fewer than 40,000 in 1865.Urbanization accelerated rapidly from the 1870s as railway building, mining, and economic expansion proceeded. Although the population of the Cape Town metropolitan area reached 130,000 by the turn of the 20th …
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Global Rough Diamond Production since 1870
the Congo) was dominant until the middle of the 20th century. Not until the 1960s did production from non-African sources (first the Soviet Union, then Australia, and now Canada) become impor- ... South Africa.After mining of diamonds began in 1869, South African production rose rapidly to 1 Mct in 1872 and thereafter to 5 Mct in 1907, in 1909 ...
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History of mining in South Africa
Alongside these internal fractures, the South African mining industry was under additional pressure by overseas developments in the latter half of the 20th century. The …
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South-African-Mines
Mining in South Africa has been the main driving force behind the history and development of Africa's most advanced and richest economy. Large scale and profitable mining started with the discovery of a diamond on the banks of the Orange River in 1867 by Erasmus Jacobs and the subsequent discovery and exploitation of the Kimberley …
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Diamonds and Migrant Labour in South Africa, 1869-1910
The 'pass laws' and migrant labour of apartheid in South Africa today have their origins in the policies designed to control the black workers in the diamond mines a century ago. Rob Turrell | Published in History Today Volume 36 Issue 5 May 1986. Racial discrimination in South Africa is based on the migrant labour system. ...
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